This Chapter:

Representation Within Occupations.  The distribution of officers across occupational areas is shown in Table 6.7 for both Active and Reserve Components.  The largest proportions of Reserve Component officers (56 percent) and Active Component officers (57 percent) are assigned to tactical operations and health care positions.  However, due to assigned missions, the Reserve Component has a smaller proportion than the Active Component in tactical operations (34 and 39 percent, respectively), but a greater proportion of officers in health care (22 and 19 percent, respectively).

Table 6.7.  FY 1997 Occupational Areas of Active and Selected Reserve Officer Corps (Percent)
Occupational Area	Active Components	Reserve Components
General Officers and Executives *	0.4	0.4
Tactical Operations	38.6	34.2
Intelligence	5.0	5.2
Engineering and Maintenance	11.8	10.1
Scientists and Professionals	4.9	6.3
Health Care	18.8	21.5
Administration	5.9	7.7
Supply, Procurement, and Allied Occupations	8.7	10.3
Non-Occupational**	5.9	4.2
Total	100.0	100.0
* Reserve Component calculations do not include 770 O-6 officers classified as general or executive officers by the Services (1 - ARNG,    1 - USAR, 305 - USMCR, 314 - ANG, and 149 - USAFR). ** Non-occupational includes patients, students, those with unassigned duties, and unknowns. Also see Appendix Tables B-29 (Occupational Area by Service and Gender) and C-31 (Occupational Area by Component).

Differences in occupational assignment among the Reserve Components are shown in Table 6.8.  With the exception of the USAR and the USAFR, the largest proportion of officers in each component is in tactical operations.  The ARNG and USMCR have the greatest proportions of officers in tactical operations (48 and 57 percent, respectively).  The USAR and USAFR have the smallest proportions of officers in tactical operations (20 and 27 percent, respectively).

Table 6.8. Comparison of FY 1997 Occupational Area Distribution of Officers, By Active and Reserve Component (Percent)
Active and Reserve	Occupational Area*
Components	0**	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ARMY  Active Component  Army National Guard  Army Reserve	0.5 0.6 0.2	39.4 48.1 19.9	6.5 2.5 4.8	9.8 8.1 8.8	4.1 3.6 9.3	21.7 10.9 30.7	5.8 6.5 9.2	10.4 10.2 13.2	1.8 9.6 3.8
NAVY  Active Component  Naval Reserve	0.4 0.2	39.1 38.5	4.0 10.5	9.9 10.2	3.9 3.6	20.8 22.6	5.0 6.3	5.6 7.1	11.4 0.9
MARINE CORPS  Active Component  USMC Reserve	0.5 0.3	52.7 57.4	4.0 5.0	7.9 8.1	2.7 5.8	0.0 0.0	5.5 6.4	12.5 15.5	14.2 1.4
AIR FORCE  Active Component  Air National Guard  USAF Reserve	0.4 0.9 0.5	34.6 40.6 26.7	4.6 2.6 7.3	15.8 16.7 12.5	6.8 4.4 9.3	18.7 15.6 28.5	6.8 10.1 5.9	8.7 6.7 8.7	3.8 2.6 0.6
Rows may not add to total due to rounding. * Occupational Area Codes:  0=General Officers, 1=Tactical Operations, 2=Intelligence, 3=Engineering and Maintenance, 4=Scientists and Professionals, 5=Health Care, 6=Administration, 7=Supply, Procurement, and Allied, 8=Non-occupational. ** Reserve Component calculations do not include 770 O-6 officers classified as general or executive officers by the Services (1 - ARNG, 1 - USAR, 305 - USMCR, 314 - ANG, and 149 - USAFR). Also see Appendix Tables B-29 (Occupational Area by Service and Gender) and C-30 (Occupational Area by Component).

 Many Selected Reserve officers are health care professionals.  The USAR and USAFR have the greatest proportion of officers in health care occupations (31 and 29 percent, respectively).  Health care comprises the second largest percentage of officers in the ARNG and USNR (11 and 23 percent, respectively).  Relatively few Reserve officers are in intelligence, science and professional, and administrative occupations.

Representation of women within occupations .  The occupational assignments by gender of Selected Reserve officers are shown in Table 6.9.  More than half (54 percent) of all female officers are assigned to health care positions and 13 percent to administration positions.  As indicated in Appendix Table C-31 , the assignment of women into officer occupational areas differs by component.  Across components, female officers serving in health care positions range from 34 percent in the ARNG to 60 percent in the USAR.  Two percent of USAR female officers hold tactical operations positions compared to 9 percent in the ANG.  As in the Selected Reserve enlisted force, reasons for this distribution include the differing missions of each component; the occupational preferences of female officers; the number of Active Component female officers possessing such skills who join a Selected Reserve unit after separation from active duty; the proportion of technical skill unit vacancies; and direct ground combat exclusion policies.

Table 6.9.  FY 1997 Occupational Areas of Selected Reserve Officer Corps, by Gender (Percent)
Occupational Area	Male	Female	Total
General Officers and Executives*	0.5	**	0.4
Tactical Operations	40.9	3.9	34.2
Intelligence	5.2	5.1	5.2
Engineering and Maintenance	10.8	7.0	10.1
Scientists and Professionals	7.0	3.1	6.3
Health Care	14.4	54.3	21.5
Administration	6.4	13.2	7.7
Supply, Procurement, and Allied Occupations	10.4	10.1	10.3
Non-Occupational***	4.4	3.3	4.2
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0
Columns may not add to total due to rounding. * Calculations do not include 752 male and 18 female O-6 officers classified as general or executive officers by the Services. ** Less than one-tenth of one percent. *** Non-occupational includes patients, students, those with unassigned duties, and unknowns. Also see Appendix Table C-31 (Occupational Area by Component and Gender).

 Representation of minorities within occupations.  An overview of the distribution of Selected Reserve officers by race/ethnicity is provided in Table 6.10.  More than half of Whites, Hispanics, and "Others" serve in either tactical operations or health care occupations.  The largest proportions of White and Hispanic officers are in tactical operations (36 and 30 percent, respectively); the largest percentages of Black and "Other" racial category officers are in health care occupations (27 and 30 percent, respectively).

 As detailed in Appendix Table C-32, there are race/ethnicity differences between Reserve Components by occupational areas.  The most noticeable demonstration of these differences appears in tactical operations, where the greatest differences are in the ANG (42 percent of Whites compared to 20 percent of Blacks).  In the health care occupations, the largest diversity is in the USAFR where 43 percent of Blacks, 42 percent of "Other" racial categories, and 34 percent of Hispanics serve in health care, compared to 27 percent of Whites.

Table 6.10.  FY 1997 Occupational Areas of Selected Reserve Officer Corps, by Race/Ethnicity (Percent)
Occupational Area	White	Black	Hispanic	Other	Total
General Officers and Executives*	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.4
Tactical Operations	36.2	18.9	29.9	27.1	34.2
Intelligence	5.5	2.5	4.0	5.1	5.2
Engineering and Maintenance	9.9	11.9	11.3	10.7	10.1
Scientists and Professionals	6.7	4.5	4.1	4.8	6.3
Health Care	20.6	27.1	22.7	29.7	21.5
Administration	7.1	12.9	9.3	7.3	7.7
Supply, Procurement, and Allied Occupations	9.6	17.2	12.9	8.8	10.3
Non-Occupational**	4.0	4.8	5.4	6.3	4.2
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Columns may not add to total due to rounding. * Calculations do not include 745 White, 7 Black, 6 Hispanic, and 12 Other O-6 officers classified as general or executive officers by the Services. ** Non-occupational includes patients, students, those with unassigned duties, and unknowns. Also see Appendix Table C-32 (Occupational Areas by Component and Race/Ethnicity).

Go to Chapter 7 - Socioeconomic Status of Enlisted Accessions